Diamond blade performance part 1

Factors involving concrete

When saw cutting concrete, several factors influence your
choice of diamond blades.  These include
  • Compressive strength
  • Hardness of the aggregate
  • Size of the aggregate
  • Type of sand
  • Steel reinforcing (rebar)
  • Green or cured concrete
  • Abrasivity of the aggregate

Concrete slabs may vary greatly in compressive strength,
measured in pounds per square inch (PSI).  Most concrete
roads are 4,000 - 6,000 PSI, while typical patios or
sidewalks are about 3,000 PSI

The size of the aggregate affects diamond blade
performance.  Large aggregates tend to make a diamond
blade cut slower.  Smaller aggregates tend to make a blade
cut faster.  The most common size of aggregates are

  • Pea gravel - variable in size - 3/8" or less
  • 3/4" - sieved size
  • 1-1/2" - sieved size

There are many different types of rock used as aggregate.  
Hardness often varies even within the same classification of
rock.  For example, granite varies in hardness and friability.
The mohs scale is frequently used to measure hardness.  
Values of hardness are assigned from one to ten.  A
substance with a higher Mohs number scratches a
substance with a lower number - higher Mohs scale
numbers indicate harder materials.  The scale below shows
the Mohs' scale range.  Aggregate hardness is one
important factor when cutting concrete.  Because hard
aggregate dulls diamond grit more quickly, segment bonds
generally need to be softer when cutting hard aggregate.  
This allows the segment to wear normally and bring new,
sharp diamond grit to the surface.  Softer aggregate will not
dull diamond grit as quickly, so harder segment bonds are
needed to hold the diamonds in place long enough to use
their full potential.  Most aggregates fall into the 2 - 9 range
on the Mohs scale.  Some commonly used aggregates
measure this way on the Mohs' scale.

Mohs Hardness Scale
1
Talc
2
Gypsum
3
Calcite
4
Fluorite
5
Apatite
6
Feldspar
7
Quartz
8
Topaz
9
Corundum
10
Diamond